Health Spending in ASEAN (1995)

3.61% Average % of GDP

Health Spending in ASEAN (2010)

4.12% Average % of GDP

Infant Mortality in ASEAN (1995)

38.8 Per 1,000 live births

Infant Mortality in ASEAN (2010)

21.9 Per 1,000 live births

Health Spending Evolution (1995-2010)
Infant Mortality Evolution (1995-2010)
Relationship Between Health Spending and Infant Mortality (1995-2010)

The relationship between health spending and infant mortality in ASEAN countries during 1995-2010 shows several important patterns:

  1. General Trend: Countries with higher health spending tend to have lower infant mortality rates, though the relationship isn’t perfectly linear.

  2. Progress: All ASEAN countries showed improvements in infant mortality rates between 1995 and 2010, regardless of changes in health spending.

  3. Outliers:

    • Cambodia had high health spending but also high infant mortality in 1995, suggesting inefficiencies in healthcare delivery.
    • Singapore consistently maintained both high health spending and very low infant mortality.

  4. Diverse Approaches: The data reveals different national strategies - some countries increased health spending significantly (Malaysia, Vietnam), while others maintained or slightly reduced spending while still improving outcomes.

Highest Health Spending (1995)

6.79% Cambodia

Highest Health Spending (2010)

6.84% Vietnam

Lowest Health Spending (1995)

1.95% Indonesia

Lowest Health Spending (2010)

1.97% Myanmar

Highest Mortality (1995)

86.6 Cambodia

Highest Mortality (2010)

48.5 Myanmar

Lowest Mortality (1995)

4.0 Singapore

Lowest Mortality (2010)

2.2 Singapore

Country Health Spending 1995 (%) Health Spending 2010 (%) Health Change (%) IMR 1995 IMR 2010 IMR Change (%) Efficiency Ratio 1995 Efficiency Ratio 2010 Efficiency Improvement (%)
1 Cambodia 6.79 5.68 -16.3 86.6 37.3 -56.9 0.17 0.47 176.5
6 Thailand 3.53 3.88 9.9 23.5 10.8 -54.0 1.21 2.39 97.5
2 Myanmar 2.15 1.97 -8.4 73.1 48.5 -33.7 0.64 1.05 64.1
5 Singapore 3.02 3.96 31.1 4.0 2.2 -45.0 8.28 11.48 38.6
0 Indonesia 1.95 2.61 33.8 50.4 27.8 -44.8 1.02 1.38 35.3
4 Philippines 3.45 3.61 4.6 32.0 23.3 -27.2 0.91 1.19 30.8
7 Vietnam 5.09 6.84 34.4 29.6 18.4 -37.8 0.66 0.79 19.7
3 Malaysia 2.90 4.39 51.4 11.5 6.9 -40.0 3.00 3.30 10.0

The relationship between health spending and infant mortality in ASEAN countries reveals important insights about healthcare efficiency and outcomes:

  1. Initial Observations (1995):
    • Higher health spending did not always correlate with lower infant mortality
    • Cambodia had the highest health spending as % of GDP, but also one of the highest infant mortality rates
    • Singapore had moderate health spending with the lowest infant mortality
    • This suggests differences in healthcare system efficiency and resource allocation
  2. Changes Over Time (1995-2010):
    • All countries improved infant mortality rates regardless of spending changes
    • Malaysia increased health spending substantially (51%) and reduced infant mortality by 40%
    • Cambodia reduced health spending but achieved the greatest reduction in infant mortality (57%)
    • This highlights the importance of effective healthcare interventions and policy over mere spending levels
  3. Efficiency Analysis:
    • The efficiency metric (calculated as the inverse of infant mortality divided by health spending) shows dramatic improvements across the region
    • Cambodia achieved the highest efficiency improvement despite reducing spending
    • This suggests significant improvements in healthcare delivery systems, disease prevention programs, and maternal/child health interventions
    • The data indicates that both the amount of healthcare spending and how effectively resources are utilized matter greatly
  4. Regional Convergence:
    • The gap between highest and lowest infant mortality rates narrowed significantly
    • In 1995: highest (Cambodia: 86.6) vs lowest (Singapore: 4.0) - a difference of 82.6
    • In 2010: highest (Myanmar: 48.5) vs lowest (Singapore: 2.2) - a difference of 46.3
    • Indicates overall regional progress toward better healthcare outcomes
country year health_spending infant_mortality
0 Indonesia 1995 1.95 50.4
1 Cambodia 1995 6.79 86.6
2 Myanmar 1995 2.15 73.1
3 Malaysia 1995 2.90 11.5
4 Philippines 1995 3.45 32.0
... ... ... ... ...
123 Malaysia 2010 4.39 6.9
124 Philippines 2010 3.61 23.3
125 Singapore 2010 3.96 2.2
126 Thailand 2010 3.88 10.8
127 Vietnam 2010 6.84 18.4

128 rows × 4 columns

This dashboard presents an analysis of healthcare indicators across ASEAN countries from 1995 to 2010, focusing on two key metrics:

  1. Total Health Spending (% of GDP): This indicator measures the proportion of a country’s GDP allocated to healthcare, reflecting national priorities and investment in health systems.

  2. Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births): A critical indicator of population health and healthcare quality, representing the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births.

The data is sourced from Gapminder’s global development indicators database, which compiles information from various international organizations including WHO, World Bank, and UN agencies.

This analysis covers 8 of the 10 ASEAN countries (Brunei Darussalam and Lao PDR were not included due to data limitations) and examines both the absolute values and the changes over the 15-year period.

The dashboard is designed to highlight: - Regional trends in health spending and outcomes - Country-specific progress and challenges - The relationship between financial investment and health outcomes - Patterns of healthcare development across Southeast Asia